The advantage of the spongy arrangement of mesophyll cells in the lower leaf layer is that it allows for

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The spongy arrangement of mesophyll cells in the lower leaf layer allows for maximum diffusion of CO₂ in the leaf. This is because the spongy mesophyll cells are loosely packed, which creates air spaces between the cells. These air spaces allow for the diffusion of CO₂ from the atmosphere into the leaf, and from the leaf into the chloroplasts, where photosynthesis takes place.

The Advantage of the Spongy Arrangement of Mesophyll Cells in the Lower