The type of mutation that stops translation of a protein results in a shortened protein because translation does not proceed beyond the mutation. An example is thalassemia, which is

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A nonsense mutation changes a codon (DNA sequence) that normally codes for an amino acid into a stop codon, which prematurely stops translation of the protein. Thalassemia is caused by various nonsense mutations that result in a shortened, nonfunctional hemoglobin protein.

The Type of Mutation That Stops Translation of a Protein