For each of the following, indicate if there is a threat to independence. If so, state the threat and a possible safeguard.
(a) John Schmidt, CPA, CA, is unaware that his audit client, Franks Spa and Pool Co. makes up 20% of John Schmidt firms revenues.
(b) James Para goes to his assurance client, Bob's Autosales to buy a used car for his daughter. Due to their business relationship, Bob offers James a vehicle below cost.
(c) Jack Jacobs has been auditing Bob's Pool and Spa Limited for many years. Bob's Pool and Spa Limited has been experiencing financial difficulties and has not been able to pay its audit fees for the last three years. Bob's now owes Jack Jacobs $50,000 in assurance fees.
(d) Frank Fargo has three review engagements. One of the review engagements is done for Sangha Meatshop Ltd., which is 80% owned by his father-in-law, Sanchez Sangha. The remaining 20% of the Meatshop is owned by Sanchez's four children.

Question

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The Answer of For each of the following, indicate if there is a threat to independence. If so, state the threat and a possible safeguard.
(a) John Schmidt, CPA, CA, is unaware that his audit client, Franks Spa and Pool Co. makes up 20% of John Schmidt firms revenues.
(b) James Para goes to his assurance client, Bob's Autosales to buy a used car for his daughter. Due to their business relationship, Bob offers James a vehicle below cost.
(c) Jack Jacobs has been auditing Bob's Pool and Spa Limited for many years. Bob's Pool and Spa Limited has been experiencing financial difficulties and has not been able to pay its audit fees for the last three years. Bob's now owes Jack Jacobs $50,000 in assurance fees.
(d) Frank Fargo has three review engagements. One of the review engagements is done for Sangha Meatshop Ltd., which is 80% owned by his father-in-law, Sanchez Sangha. The remaining 20% of the Meatshop is owned by Sanchez's four children.

For Each of the Following, Indicate If There Is a Threat