Notions of causality based on the substance or substances necessary for the movement or coming into being of the effect are referred to as __________ causes.
A) formal
B) material
C) final
D) efficient

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Material causes refer to the substances necessary for the movement or coming into being of the effect. Formal causes refer to the forms or structures that bring about the effect. Final causes refer to the purpose or goal for which the effect exists. Efficient causes refer to the action or activity that brings about the effect.

Notions of Causality Based on the Substance or Substances Necessary