In a quasi-experimental study examining the effects of nonpharmacologic treatments on postoperative pain management,the researcher trains nursing staff so that all experimental group subjects receive the same types of treatments.This is an example of
A) bias.
B) manipulation.
C) reliability.
D) validity.

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Manipulation is a form of control used in quasi-experimental and experimental studies and may involve control of the intervention so that it is applied consistently.Bias refers to interference by the researcher that influences the outcome of a study.Reliability and validity are related to consistency and trustworthiness of measurement tools.

In a Quasi-Experimental Study Examining the Effects of Nonpharmacologic Treatments