Question 1

In a study of the role of self-blame and erectile dysfunction,men who were given an internal explanation for their low arousal after watching erotic films

Accepted Answer

Men who were given an internal explanation for their low arousal (i.e. self-blame) reported and showed less physiological arousal, indicating a negative impact on sexual functioning.

Question 2

Which of the following statements regarding gender identity disorder (GID)is true?

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that GID is about six times more common in boys than girls.

Question 3

During the first few days of Masters and Johnson's sex therapy,

Accepted Answer

During the initial phase of Masters and Johnson's sex therapy, couples are instructed not to engage in any sexual activity. This is known as the "sensate focus" phase, where the emphasis is on non-sexual touching and communication to build intimacy without the pressure of sexual performance.

Question 4

Bill and Deborah are in sex therapy.One exercise that they are directed to practice involves touching each other and feeling comfortable with contact,but without any sexual intercourse.This intervention is called

Accepted Answer

This exercise is called sensate focus, in which the couple is directed to focus on physical sensations and non-sexual touch to increase their comfort level with each other's physicality. Sensuality training can be a similar intervention, but it often involves the incorporation of erotic touch and may not be appropriate for all couples in therapy. Physical redirecting and cognitive restructuring are not relevant to this intervention.

Question 5

Which of the following diagnoses is among the most debated in the DSM-IV-TR?

Accepted Answer

Gender identity disorder has been highly debated in the DSM-IV-TR and has since been renamed to gender dysphoria in the DSM-5. The controversy surrounding this diagnosis is due to the stigmatization and discrimination against transgender individuals, and some argue that medical intervention should not be pathologized.

Question 6

Studies indicate that __________ can interfere with specific sexual arousal.

Accepted Answer

Low general physiological arousal can interfere with specific sexual arousal as it may make it difficult to achieve and maintain an erection or become adequately lubricated. Other factors such as medications, fatigue, and stress can also contribute to low physiological arousal. Erotic films, relaxation, and low blood pressure do not necessarily interfere with sexual arousal in this way.

Question 7

In sex therapy,the sensate focus exercise involves

Accepted Answer

Sensate focus exercises involve nonsexual touching and caressing without engaging in intercourse. The exercise is designed to help couples improve their communication about sexual needs and desires, reduce anxiety about sexual performance, and increase intimacy and pleasure. The focus is on experiencing pleasure through touch, rather than on achieving orgasm or sexual intercourse.

Question 8

The preference for the sex of a partner is referred to as

Accepted Answer

Sexual orientation is defined as the preference for the sex of a partner, and is typically categorized into heterosexual, homosexual, and bisexual orientations. Sex role stereotype refers to beliefs about what is considered typically masculine or feminine behavior, while gender identity refers to a person's subjective experience of their own gender. Oedipal identification refers to Freud's theory about a child's unconscious process of identifying with the same-sex parent and incorporating their values and behaviors.

Question 9

Which of the following psychological disorders are associated with an increased risk of sexual dysfunction?

Accepted Answer

Depression and anxiety are both associated with an increased risk of sexual dysfunction. These disorders can lead to decreased libido or difficulty achieving orgasm.

Question 10

The most common medical interventions for erectile dysfunction include

Accepted Answer

Sildenafil (Viagra) and related medications, such as tadalafil (Cialis) and vardenafil (Levitra), are the most common medical interventions for erectile dysfunction. These medications work by increasing blood flow to the penis, which can aid in achieving and maintaining an erection. Silicone rod implants may be used in severe cases of erectile dysfunction, but are not as commonly used, and antidepressants such as SSRIs are not typically prescribed specifically for erectile dysfunction.

Question 11

The squeeze technique is used in the treatment of

Accepted Answer

The squeeze technique is used in the treatment of premature ejaculation. This technique involves the individual or their partner squeezing the penis at the point of ejaculation to decrease arousal and delay ejaculation. It is not typically used in the treatment of other sexual disorders such as vaginismus, male orgasmic disorder, or dyspareunia.

Question 12

Viagra,a medication that medically allows for improved erectile function,acts primarily by

Accepted Answer

Viagra works by inhibiting an enzyme that regulates blood flow in the penis, leading to increased blood flow and relaxation of the smooth muscles in the penis, which allows for improved erectile function. It does not affect dopamine or serotonin levels or stimulate the amygdala.

Question 13

Gender identity disorders almost always begin in

Accepted Answer

Gender identity disorders typically begin to manifest in childhood, usually before the age of 3. By adolescence, the individual may have a clear understanding of their gender identity and may experience distress or discomfort with their body or assigned gender.

Question 14

A person with gender identity disorder is attracted to people

Accepted Answer

Gender identity disorder, also known as gender dysphoria, is a condition where a person experiences significant distress and discomfort due to a mismatch between their gender identity and their physical sex. This condition is unrelated to sexual orientation or attraction. Therefore, a person with gender identity disorder can be attracted to individuals of the same sex, opposite sex, or both. So, the best answer is C, from the same or opposite sex.

Question 15

Inclusion of the label gender identity disorder in DSM-IV-TR has been controversial in part because

Accepted Answer

The inclusion of the label gender identity disorder in DSM-IV-TR has been criticized for fostering social prejudice against individuals with non-conforming gender identities. This has led to a debate about the appropriate language and terminology to use when describing gender identity in the DSM-5, which now uses the term gender dysphoria instead. The other options (A, C, D) may be concerns related to the diagnosis, but they are not the primary reason for the controversy.

Question 16

Masters and Johnson found that many individuals who have sexual dysfunction

Accepted Answer

Masters and Johnson found that many individuals who have sexual dysfunction had negative views of sexuality. They identified negative beliefs and values as one of the major psychological factors contributing to sexual dysfunction. Education level, socio-economic status, and early encouragement to express sexuality were not identified as significant predictors of sexual dysfunction.

Question 17

One of the main arguments surrounding the inclusion of gender identity disorder in the DSM-IV-TR is

Accepted Answer

This argument suggests that the inclusion of GID in the DSM-IV-TR wrongly labels a natural occurrence as a disorder. It points out that gender identity variations are seen in many species in the animal kingdom, and therefore, should not warrant a pathological label.

Question 18

The sense of being either male or female is referred to as

Accepted Answer

Gender identity refers to one's sense of self as either male or female, regardless of biological sex or sexual orientation. A is incorrect because sexual orientation refers to an individual's emotional, romantic or sexual attraction to others of the same or different sex. B is incorrect because sex role stereotype refers to societal expectations and norms regarding the behaviors and roles of men and women. D is incorrect because Oedipal identification refers to a psychoanalytic theory that describes a child's unconscious desire for the opposite-sex parent and identification with the same-sex parent.

Question 19

For women with sexual dysfunctions in the context of marital relationship distress,which of the following has been found to improve many aspects of sexual functioning?

Accepted Answer

Behavioral marital couple's therapy has been found to improve many aspects of sexual functioning, especially in the context of marital relationship distress. SSRI medications, anti-anxiety medications, and psychoanalysis may have some benefits for sexual functioning but they are not specifically targeted towards improving sexual dysfunction in the context of marital relationship distress.

Question 20

Directed masturbation is often used

Accepted Answer

The answer of Directed masturbation is often used
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Quiz 13: Sexual and Gender Identity Disorders