Critics of Fixed Exchange Rates Argue That Fixed Rates

Critics of fixed exchange rates argue that fixed rates:

A) ​reduce uncertainty in international trade.
B) ​result in currency shortages just as wage and price controls lead to shortages in markets for goods and services.
C) ​make nations less constrained in carrying out in internal macroeconomic policies.
D) ​lead to constant, day-to-day changes in the exchange values of currencies.