Which theory assumes that individuals consciously assess the costs and benefits of whether to conform or be deviant?
A) labeling theory
B) deterrence theory
C) differential association theory
D) reward theory

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Deterrence theory assumes that individuals consciously assess the costs and benefits of engaging in deviant behavior. It suggests that the threat of punishment will deter individuals from engaging in deviant acts. Labeling theory suggests that societal reactions to deviant behavior can create a self-fulfilling prophecy that reinforces the individual's deviant behavior. Differential association theory suggests that individuals learn deviant behavior through their interactions with others who engage in such behavior. Reward theory suggests that individuals conform or deviate based on the rewards or punishments they expect to receive for their behavior.

Which Theory Assumes That Individuals Consciously Assess the Costs and Benefits