Which of These Is a Negative Consequence of the High-Stakes

Which of these is a negative consequence of the high-stakes testing discussed in the text?

A) In some schools, teachers can now only afford to teach those aspects of a subject that are on the test.
B) Teachers must now devote time to teaching standardized test-taking skills.
C) The testing process costs considerable time, energy, and money that might have been spent on actual teaching and learning.
D) All of these are unintended negative consequences of testing discussed in the text.