In the Late Nineteenth Century,political "Machines" in Cities Owed Their

In the late nineteenth century,political "machines" in cities owed their existence to

A) the rapid growth of urban America.
B) the influx of millions of immigrants.
C) disillusionment with heavy-handed and powerful city governments.
D) the rapid growth of urban America and the influx of millions of immigrants.
E) the influx of millions of immigrants and disillusionment with powerful city governments.