Which of the Following Is NOT One of the Eight

Which of the following is NOT one of the eight stages John Kotter argues that leadership roles must navigate through during change management?

A) Creating a sense of urgency to develop the impetus for change.
B) Creating an appropriate vision of where the organization needs to go.
C) Producing sufficient short-term results to create credibility and counter cynicism.
D) Building momentum and using that to tackle the tougher change problems.
E) Controlling employees so they do not act on impulse.