Metal Ion Catalysis Include All EXCEPT

Metal ion catalysis include all EXCEPT:

A) increased acidity of a nucleophile with an ionizable proton.
B) metal ion requirement to maintain the stable, native state of the enzyme.
C) metal binding weakly, perhaps only during the catalytic cycle.
D) electrophilic catalysis, stabilizing the increased electron density or negative charge that can develop during a reaction.
E) all are true.