In the Southern hybridization procedure, the gel after electrophoresis is treated with NaOH and then neutralized before blotting. What is the primary function of the alkaline treatment?

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The primary function of the alkaline treatment with NaOH in Southern hybridization is to denature the double-stranded DNA into single-stranded DNA (ssDNA). This is necessary for hybridization with a labeled probe. The NaOH treatment breaks the hydrogen bonds between the base pairs, leading to a separation of the double-stranded molecule into single-stranded DNA molecules, which are then transferred onto the blotting membrane.

In the Southern Hybridization Procedure, the Gel After Electrophoresis Is