The chemical reasons for the large negative ΔG°′ for the hydrolysis of ____ include destabilization of the reactant due to bond strain caused by electrostatic repulsion, stabilization of the products by ionization and resonance, and entropy factors due to hydrolysis and subsequent ionization.

Question

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The hydrolysis of ATP has the largest negative ΔG°′ among the given options because it involves three phosphate groups that have high-energy phosphate bonds. The release of these phosphate groups results in the formation of more stable products (ADP and Pi) and generates a large amount of free energy that can be used for various cellular processes. Additionally, the reactant ATP is destabilized due to bond strain caused by electrostatic repulsion, which also contributes to the large negative ΔG°′. The other options have lower ΔG°′ values and do not involve as many high-energy phosphate bonds.

The Chemical Reasons for the Large Negative ΔG°′ for the Hydrolysis