Many courts have adopted a test in resolving the proximate cause question, under which a defendant who has breached a duty of care is liable:

Question

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The "natural and probable consequences" test is the most commonly used test to determine proximate causation in tort law. Under this test, a defendant who has breached a duty of care is only liable for the injuries that are the direct result of his or her conduct and that were foreseeable at the time of the conduct. This test limits the scope of liability and ensures that defendants are not held liable for injuries that are too remote or unforeseeable.

Many Courts Have Adopted a Test in Resolving the Proximate