A correlation coefficient is a measure of the covariance, or association, between two at-least interval variables.

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A correlation coefficient measures the strength and direction of the linear relationship between two quantitative variables. It ranges from -1 to +1, with 0 indicating no linear relationship and values closer to -1 or +1 indicating a stronger linear relationship. It is calculated using the covariance of the two variables divided by the product of their standard deviations. Therefore, it is a measure of association between two interval variables.

A Correlation Coefficient Is a Measure of the Covariance, or Association