Contrast-enhanced computed tomography examination of the abdomen of a 57-year-old patient reveals an asymptomatic, enhancing 3.5 cm mass within the kidney. Which of the following diagnoses must be excluded through further work-up?

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

The most important differential diagnosis that must be excluded in this clinical scenario is renal cell carcinoma, which is the most common primary malignant tumor of the kidney. Pheochromocytoma can also be a differential diagnosis, but it usually presents with symptoms such as hypertension, headache, palpitations, and sweating. Renal cysts are usually benign and non-enhancing on contrast-enhanced CT. Metastases can also present as enhancing masses, but they typically have a different appearance and distribution pattern than primary renal tumors.

Contrast-Enhanced Computed Tomography Examination of the Abdomen of a 57-Year-Old