Water flows over gills in the opposite direction of blood flow in a process known as

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Countercurrent exchange is the process in which water flows over gills in the opposite direction of blood flow. This allows for the maximum exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the water and the blood, as well as the efficient removal of waste products. Inhalation and respiration are broader terms that refer to the overall process of gas exchange, while diffusion is a general term for the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.

Water Flows Over Gills in the Opposite Direction of Blood