Question 1

Which of the following compounds will have the strongest dipole-dipole interactions between its molecules?

Accepted Answer

D) CHF2 has the strongest dipole-dipole interactions due to the presence of two highly electronegative fluorine atoms, which create a significant dipole moment.

Question 2

For a molecule to exhibit dipole-dipole interactions,it must __________

Accepted Answer

Dipole-dipole interactions are the attractive forces between the positive end of one polar molecule and the negative end of another polar molecule. In order to have this interaction, the molecule must have a permanent dipole moment, meaning it has an uneven distribution of electrons resulting in a partial positive and partial negative end.

Question 3

A hydration sphere forms around an ion in aqueous solution due to __________

Accepted Answer

A hydration sphere forms around an ion in aqueous solution due to ion-dipole interactions. The charged ion attracts water molecules, which orient themselves around the ion with their partial positive and negative charges, creating a hydration shell.

Question 4

Which of the following compounds is capable of dipole-dipole interactions?

Accepted Answer

The compound H₂CO has polar bonds due to the electronegativity difference between sulfur (2.58) and hydrogen (2.2), as well as between oxygen (3.44) and carbon (2.55). This creates partial positive and negative charges on the molecules, allowing for dipole-dipole interactions to occur. The other compounds either have nonpolar bonds (A, B, D) or have charges that cancel out due to their symmetry (E).

Question 5

The dipole moments of HCl and of HBr are 1.08 D and 0.82 D,respectively.The boiling point of HBr is higher than that of HCl.This is probably because HBr has __________

Accepted Answer

HBr has more electrons than HCl, leading to larger dispersion forces, which contribute to a higher boiling point.

Question 6

Which of the following statements is false?

Accepted Answer

Water molecules orient such that their hydrogen atoms, not oxygen atoms, point toward an anion in solution due to the positive charge of the hydrogen atoms.

Question 7

For molecules or atoms with the same mass,which of the following is the weakest intermolecular interaction?

Accepted Answer

Dispersion forces (also known as London dispersion forces) are the weakest intermolecular forces and they exist between all molecules, regardless of polarity or presence of other intermolecular forces. Atoms or molecules with the same mass will have similar dispersion forces, making them the weakest intermolecular force in this case.

Question 8

Which of the following solvents could involve ion-dipole interactions with Na⁺?

Accepted Answer

Chloroform (CHCl3) is a polar solvent with a dipole moment of 1.17 D. It could interact with the positively charged Na+ ion through ion-dipole interactions. The other solvents listed (benzene, carbon tetrachloride, cyclohexane, and pentane) are nonpolar and cannot form ion-dipole interactions.

Question 9

Which of the following diagrams best shows a set of polar molecules interacting through dipole-dipole interactions?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following diagrams best shows...

Question 10

Dipole-dipole interactions typically are not as strong as ion-dipole interactions because __________

Accepted Answer

Dipole-dipole interactions occur between molecules with polar covalent bonds, which means the electrons are not shared equally between the atoms forming the bond. This creates partial charges within the molecule, and these partial charges interact with each other to create dipole-dipole interactions. These interactions are typically weaker than ion-dipole interactions because ion-dipole interactions involve a complete transfer of charge between an ion and a molecule with a polar covalent bond.

Question 11

You are interested in determining the solubility of ionic compounds in solvents other than water,and you decide to try liquid ammonia,NH₃.Which of the following statements regarding your experiment is probably true?

Accepted Answer

Ammonia has a lone pair of electrons on its nitrogen atom that can act as a partial negative charge, similar to the lone pairs on oxygen in water. This can allow for ion-dipole interactions, enabling ionic compounds to dissolve in liquid ammonia. Choice A is incorrect, as ammonia does not have hydrogen ions. Choice B is incorrect, as ammonia does have a dipole moment. Choice C is incorrect, as the hydrogen atoms in ammonia would orient toward the more electronegative ion. Choice E is incorrect, as ion-dipole interactions exist in solvents other than water.

Question 12

When sodium chloride dissolves in water,how do the water molecules orient around the ions?

Accepted Answer

The answer of When sodium chloride dissolves in water,how do...

Question 13

Viscosity is a measure of a substance's __________

Accepted Answer

Viscosity refers to a substance's resistance to flow.

Question 14

When an ion is dissolved in water,which of the following intermolecular forces are in effect: ion-dipole forces,dipole-dipole forces,and/or dispersion forces?

Accepted Answer

When an ion is dissolved in water, ion-dipole forces are the primary interaction between the ion and the polar water molecules. Dipole-dipole forces can occur between water molecules themselves, and dispersion forces are present in all molecular interactions, though they are weaker compared to the other forces in this context.

Question 15

Which of the following pairs of compounds lists the molecule with the stronger dipole-dipole forces first?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following pairs of compounds...

Question 16

Ion-dipole forces always require

Accepted Answer

Ion-dipole forces occur between an ion (cation or anion) and a polar molecule. The polar molecule must have a permanent dipole moment. Examples of such polar molecules include water, ammonia, and alcohols. Therefore, the correct choice is D.

Question 17

Which of the following compounds is capable of hydrogen bonding?

Accepted Answer

Compound C has a -OH group which can participate in hydrogen bonding with other molecules.

Question 18

Which of the following straight chain alkanes would you predict is the most viscous? All are liquids exhibiting the general bonding pattern,CH₃-(CH₂)_n-CH₃.

Accepted Answer

Viscosity increases with increasing molecular weight.

Question 19

Based on their boiling points,which of the following compounds has the largest dipole-dipole interaction?

Accepted Answer

The boiling point of a compound is directly proportional to the strength of intermolecular forces present in it. Among the given compounds, acetonitrile has the highest boiling point (355 K). This is because acetonitrile has a polar C-N bond which creates a significant dipole moment. Therefore, it has the largest dipole-dipole interaction among the given compounds.

Question 20

Which of the following compounds would you predict can experience only dispersion forces?

Accepted Answer

PCl₅ is a nonpolar molecule, and nonpolar molecules experience only dispersion forces. The other compounds have polar bonds or lone pairs that can lead to dipole-dipole interactions or hydrogen bonding.

Quiz 6: Intermolecular Forces-Attractions Between Particles

Which of the following compounds will have the strongest dipole-dipole interactions between its molecules?

For a molecule to exhibit dipole-dipole interactions,it must __________

A hydration sphere forms around an ion in aqueous solution due to __________

Which of the following compounds is capable of dipole-dipole interactions?

The dipole moments of HCl and of HBr are 1.08 D and 0.82 D,respectively.The boiling point of HBr is higher than that of HCl.This is probably because HBr has __________

Which of the following statements is false?

For molecules or atoms with the same mass,which of the following is the weakest intermolecular interaction?

Which of the following solvents could involve ion-dipole interactions with Na⁺?

Which of the following diagrams best shows a set of polar molecules interacting through dipole-dipole interactions?

Dipole-dipole interactions typically are not as strong as ion-dipole interactions because __________

You are interested in determining the solubility of ionic compounds in solvents other than water,and you decide to try liquid ammonia,NH₃.Which of the following statements regarding your experiment is probably true?

When sodium chloride dissolves in water,how do the water molecules orient around the ions?

Viscosity is a measure of a substance's __________

When an ion is dissolved in water,which of the following intermolecular forces are in effect: ion-dipole forces,dipole-dipole forces,and/or dispersion forces?

Which of the following pairs of compounds lists the molecule with the stronger dipole-dipole forces first?

Ion-dipole forces always require

Which of the following compounds is capable of hydrogen bonding?

Which of the following straight chain alkanes would you predict is the most viscous? All are liquids exhibiting the general bonding pattern,CH₃-(CH₂) _n-CH₃.

Based on their boiling points,which of the following compounds has the largest dipole-dipole interaction?

Which of the following compounds would you predict can experience only dispersion forces?

Quiz 6: Intermolecular Forces-Attractions Between Particles

Which of the following compounds will have the strongest dipole-dipole interactions between its molecules?

For a molecule to exhibit dipole-dipole interactions,it must __________

A hydration sphere forms around an ion in aqueous solution due to __________

Which of the following compounds is capable of dipole-dipole interactions?

The dipole moments of HCl and of HBr are 1.08 D and 0.82 D,respectively.The boiling point of HBr is higher than that of HCl.This is probably because HBr has __________

Which of the following statements is false?

For molecules or atoms with the same mass,which of the following is the weakest intermolecular interaction?

Which of the following solvents could involve ion-dipole interactions with Na+?

Which of the following diagrams best shows a set of polar molecules interacting through dipole-dipole interactions?

Dipole-dipole interactions typically are not as strong as ion-dipole interactions because __________

You are interested in determining the solubility of ionic compounds in solvents other than water,and you decide to try liquid ammonia,NH3.Which of the following statements regarding your experiment is probably true?

When sodium chloride dissolves in water,how do the water molecules orient around the ions?

Viscosity is a measure of a substance's __________

When an ion is dissolved in water,which of the following intermolecular forces are in effect: ion-dipole forces,dipole-dipole forces,and/or dispersion forces?

Which of the following pairs of compounds lists the molecule with the stronger dipole-dipole forces first?

Ion-dipole forces always require

Which of the following compounds is capable of hydrogen bonding?

Which of the following straight chain alkanes would you predict is the most viscous? All are liquids exhibiting the general bonding pattern,CH3-(CH2) n-CH3.

Based on their boiling points,which of the following compounds has the largest dipole-dipole interaction?

Which of the following compounds would you predict can experience only dispersion forces?

Which of the following solvents could involve ion-dipole interactions with Na⁺?

You are interested in determining the solubility of ionic compounds in solvents other than water,and you decide to try liquid ammonia,NH₃.Which of the following statements regarding your experiment is probably true?

Which of the following straight chain alkanes would you predict is the most viscous? All are liquids exhibiting the general bonding pattern,CH₃-(CH₂) _n-CH₃.