Macrophages were isolated from the spleen or the intestinal lamina propria, and stimulated in vitro with the indicated TLR ligands. Twenty-four hours later, the culture supernatants were tested for the amounts of IL-10, the IL-12p40 subunit (shared between IL-12 and IL-23) , and for IL-12, and the results are shown in Figure .
These data indicate that the lamina propria macrophages:
A) Make robust responses to a variety of MAMPs
B) Function as anti-inflammatory cells
C) Are unable to respond to TLR stimulation
D) Are less efficient at cytokine production than splenic macrophages
E) Function to promote epithelial cell repair in case of disruptions in the intestinal barrier
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