The proton-motive force consist of a(n):

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

The proton-motive force consists of both a chemical gradient (difference in concentration of protons, also known as pH gradient) and a proton gradient (difference in charge across the membrane). It does not involve an electron gradient, so option C is incorrect. Therefore, the correct answer is option D, which includes both A and B. Option E is incorrect as it includes option C, which is not a part of the proton-motive force.

The Proton-Motive Force Consist of A(n)