Which type of power relationship prevailed between the national government and the states between 1789 and 1932?

Question

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Dual federalism prevailed between 1789 and 1932, also known as layer-cake federalism. In this system, the national government and state governments had distinct and separate powers, and their responsibilities rarely overlapped. The federal government was responsible for national defense, foreign policy, and regulating commerce, while the states were responsible for governing their own affairs. Dual federalism began to give way to cooperative federalism in the 1930s with the New Deal and the increased role of the federal government in domestic policy.

Which Type of Power Relationship Prevailed Between the National Government