What happens to the free energy released as electrons are passed from photosystem II to photosystem I through a series of electron carriers?
A) It excites electrons of the reaction centre in photosystem I.
B) It is used to establish and maintain a proton gradient.
C) It is used to synthesise ATP through substrate-level phosphorylation.
D) It is used to phosphorylate NAD⁺ to NADPH.

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

The free energy released as electrons are passed from photosystem II to photosystem I through a series of electron carriers is used to establish and maintain a proton gradient. This proton gradient is then used by ATP synthase to produce ATP through chemiosmosis.

What Happens to the Free Energy Released as Electrons Are