Although the exact nature of the conflict is not at all clear, it does seem that the Iliad has at least some historical basis.

Question

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While the events and characters in the Iliad may be fictionalized or embellished, many historians and scholars believe that the Trojan War, which is the main conflict in the epic poem, was a real historical event that took place in the late Bronze Age. There is archaeological evidence of a city that was destroyed around the time of the Trojan War and which may have been Troy, although the exact dating and identification is still debated.

Although the Exact Nature of the Conflict Is Not at All