In Many Studies, Participants Fail to Use Analogies as an Aid

In many studies, participants fail to use analogies as an aid to problem-solving. Of the following, which is the MOST plausible explanation of this fact?

A) Participants don't understand the value of analogies, so they don't bother searching for them.
B) Participants search their memories based on the surface structure of the problem. As a result, they fail to think of analogous cases that happen to be concerned with a different topic.
C) Participants pay too much attention to the deep structure of a problem, and so they fail to see the features that lead to analogy.
D) Participants seem unable to use analogies even when explicitly instructed to do so.