Dr Eggleston Is Lecturing on Various Statistical Analyses in Class

Dr. Eggleston is lecturing on various statistical analyses in class. He notes the definition for a chi-square test of independence as:

A) a statistical test in which both variables are categorical and determines if the distribution of participants across categories is different than expected.
B) a statistical test that examines all of the possible combinations of conditions in a way that statistically accounts for the fact that we did not predict them ahead of time.
C) a statistical test that determines whether responses from the different conditions are essentially the same or whether the responses from at least one of the conditions differ from the others.
D) a statistical test that allows a priori decisions to test comparisons between groups predicted ahead of time.