A parasomnia that typically occurs during stage 3 or 4 NREM sleep, lasts only a few seconds, and involves sharply increased physiological arousal, restlessness, sweating, a racing heart, and intense fear accompanied by a panic-stricken scream or cry for help is called a nightmare.

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The parasomnia described is actually a sleep terror, not a nightmare. Nightmares occur during REM sleep and involve frightening dreams that awaken the sleeper, while sleep terrors involve a partial awakening from deep NREM sleep and often do not involve any specific dream content.

A Parasomnia That Typically Occurs During Stage 3 or 4