A Middle-Aged Woman Is Sitting on a Bench in a Busy

A middle-aged woman is sitting on a bench in a busy shopping mall, holding her head in her hands, visibly upset and crying. Nobody stops to see if she needs assistance. Based on what you read in the text, the most likely explanation for why nobody helps in this situation is:

A) the in-group homogeneity effect.
B) diffusion of responsibility.
C) the rule of reciprocity.
D) the just-world hypothesis.