What Is Adams' Argument for Why West Africans Are More

What is Adams' argument for why West Africans are more concerned about enemies than North Americans?

A) Africa is a more physically dangerous environment than is North America,so that any harmful behaviors of enemies are potentially more dangerous to the individual.
B) Africans have more of a prevention orientation than North Americans.
C) North Americans only create relationships if they stand to benefit from them,and enemies are not a benefit to them.
D) North Americans are more self-enhancing and are convinced that everyone loves them.Even though people often have enemies,they incorrectly perceive them to be their friends.
E) None of these answers is correct.