A peacock is significantly more colourful than a peahen and has a much larger tail. These traits allow the peacock to attract a mate but also make the peacock more visible to predators. This is an example of

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The handicap principle states that males with exaggerated traits that make them more vulnerable to predators are more likely to attract mates because these traits signal that the males are healthy and have good genes.

A Peacock Is Significantly More Colourful Than a Peahen and Has