Consider a situation in which overharvesting causes the number of fish in a population to become drastically smaller, which causes genetic variation in that fish to decrease over a few generations. This is an example of

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The situation described fits the definition of a bottleneck effect, which occurs when a population's size is drastically reduced due to a catastrophic event (in this case, overharvesting) and only a small number of individuals survive to reproduce. This results in a decrease in genetic variation within the population, which can have negative consequences for its long-term survival and adaptation to changing environmental conditions. The founder effect, directional selection, and recombination do not necessarily involve such a drastic reduction in population size.

Consider a Situation in Which Overharvesting Causes the Number of Fish