A small population of a species invades an island where the species is not found. The island population subsequently diverges from the ancestral population and becomes a new species. This is an example of

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This scenario is an example of the peripheral isolate model of allopatric speciation, where a small group of the ancestral population becomes isolated on the periphery of the range and evolves into a new species over time. The option A, the vicariance model of allopatric speciation, involves the physical splitting of a population by a geographic barrier, leading to speciation. Sympatric speciation (option C) occurs when a new species evolves within the same geographic range as the ancestral population, and parapatric speciation (option D) occurs when two neighboring sub-populations diverge into different species without a physical barrier.

A Small Population of a Species Invades an Island Where