Which of the Following Is Not an Example of a Defensive

Which of the following is not an example of a defensive move to protect a company's market position and restrict a challenger's options for initiating competitive attack?

A) Granting volume discounts or better financing terms to dealers/distributors and providing discount coupons to buyers to help discourage them from experimenting with other suppliers/brands
B) Signaling challengers that retaliation is likely in the event they launch an attack
C) Publicly committing the company to a policy of matching a competitors' terms or prices
D) Maintaining a war chest of cash and marketable securities
E) Challenging struggling runner-up firms that are on the verge of going under