A Vertically Integrated Firm Is One That Performs Value Chain

A vertically integrated firm is one that performs value chain activities along more than one stage of the industry's overall value chain and such integration is not considered to be

A) backward integration (industry value chain activities performed previously by buyers) .
B) either partial integration (building positions in selected stages of the value chain) or tapered integration,which is a strategy that involves both outsourcing and performing the activity internally.
C) tapered forward (e.g. ,engaged directly in the sales operating activity to end users at the same time selling to third parties) .
D) full integration (participating in all stages of the industry vertical chain) .
E) forward integration (value chain activities performed by distributors) or forward toward end users.