Blacks have been found to score lower on tests of verbal aptitude when tested by Whites than when tested by Blacks. This best illustrates the impact of

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This phenomenon is known as stereotype threat, which refers to the anxiety and self-doubt that can arise when people feel that they are at risk of conforming to negative stereotypes about their social group. In this case, the stereotype is that Blacks are not as intelligent as Whites, and this negative expectation can create anxiety and lower performance on tests. However, when tested by Blacks, there is less pressure to confirm to this negative stereotype, and performance may improve. Standardization refers to the process of creating uniform test procedures and scoring methods; emotional intelligence refers to the ability to perceive and manage emotions; and the normal curve is a statistical concept that describes the distribution of scores in a population.

Blacks Have Been Found to Score Lower on Tests of Verbal