What are some factors that could allow flood basalts to have high-volume eruptions?

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

A) A large amount of magma is generated in the mantle: Flood basalts are formed by massive outpourings of lava over a large area. This implies that there needs to be a large and sustained supply of magma to the surface. This is possible if there is a large amount of magma being generated in the mantle.

B) Magma rises to the surface along thick dikes: Thick dikes act as channels for magma to travel from the mantle to the surface. This can allow for the steady and sustained supply of magma that is required for high-volume eruptions.

C) The magma is hot and has a low viscosity: Low viscosity magma can flow more easily to the surface, allowing for faster and more explosive eruptions. High-temperature magma is less viscous than cooler magma and can therefore more easily result in high-volume eruptions.

All of these factors together can contribute to the formation of high-volume flood basalt eruptions.

What Are Some Factors That Could Allow Flood Basalts to Have