Ivan Pavlov and John B.Watson ________ the impact of biological constraints on classical conditioning and they ________ the impact of cognitive processes on classical conditioning.
A) underestimated;overestimated
B) overestimated;underestimated
C) underestimated;underestimated
D) overestimated;overestimated

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Ivan Pavlov and John B. Watson both underestimated the impact of biological constraints on classical conditioning. Pavlov believed that any two stimuli could be paired together to produce a conditioned response, while Watson believed that any response could be conditioned in any organism. However, they both also underestimated the impact of cognitive processes on classical conditioning, as they focused mainly on observable behavior rather than internal mental processes.