James was abused as a child,and as he grew into his teens,he began to withdraw from others.When James reached the age of 21,he was clearly exhibiting all the negative symptoms of schizophrenia.He is not responding to medication.James is demonstrating ________ schizophrenia.

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Chronic schizophrenia is characterized by a long-term course and symptoms that persist for at least 6 months. It is known for poor response to medication and a tendency of negative symptoms such as social isolation, flat affect, and cognitive impairment. In James' case, his history of childhood abuse and withdrawal, coupled with persistent negative symptoms resistant to medication, points to chronic schizophrenia.

James Was Abused as a Child,and as He Grew into His