The unintended consequences of an action or social pattern are referred to by functionalist theorists,such as Merton,as

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According to Merton's ideas, latent functions are the unintended and unrecognized consequences of social patterns and actions. These consequences may be beneficial, harmful, or neutral, and they are not intended or recognized by those involved in the social pattern or action. Therefore, the correct choice is B, latent functions.

The Unintended Consequences of an Action or Social Pattern Are