All of the Following Are Criticisms of the Actuarial Approach

All of the following are criticisms of the actuarial approach to risk assessment except _______________.

A) they are more prone to bias by the people who use them
B) they are not appropriate for use on individuals, only for groups
C) they lack generalizability outside of their original construction samples
D) actuarial instruments cannot account for the rare but important exceptions that occur to their statistical approaches