Which Statement Describing the Mechanisms by Which Sodium Ions Pass

Which statement describing the mechanisms by which sodium ions pass through cell membranes is not correct?

A) Groups of proteins form ion channels for sodium ions.
B) Sodium ions can be transported by Na⁺-K⁺ pumps.
C) Membrane proteins pump sodium ions through the membrane.
D) Sodium ions form complexes with nonpolar ligands that can diffuse through the membrane.
E) Sodium ions can diffuse directly through the membrane.