When using rocks to study Earth's history, information about the surface environment is best provided by which of the following types of rock?

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Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Limestone and shale are sedimentary rocks that form from the accumulation and compression of organic and inorganic material at the Earth's surface. They often contain fossils and can provide information about past environments, such as the presence of ancient oceans or shallow seas. Granite and basalt are igneous rocks that form from solidified magma and can provide information about the chemical composition of the Earth's interior. Schist and slate are metamorphic rocks that form from the alteration of pre-existing rock and can provide information about past tectonic events. Quartzite and marble are also metamorphic rocks, but they may not provide as much information about surface environments as limestone and shale. Dunite and rhyolite are igneous rocks that are less common and may provide specialized information, but they are not generally used to study Earth's history.

When Using Rocks to Study Earth's History, Information About the Surface