cAMP is known as a second messenger since the pathway is first activated by a extracellular signaling molecule.

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cAMP is produced in response to extracellular signaling molecules such as hormones or neurotransmitters binding to specific receptors on the cell surface. This activation initiates a signaling cascade that ultimately leads to production of cAMP, which acts as a second messenger within the cell.

CAMP Is Known as a Second Messenger Since the Pathway