Lionel Has Two Biomarkers That Are Well Outside the Normal

Lionel has two biomarkers that are well outside the normal range. He has had a life filled with financial and familial stress, and has not always handled it well, though he has never smoked. As he ages, we can expect that _____.

A) Lionel's lifelong responses to stress will create a biological burden
B) Lionel's lifelong responses to stress will better equip him to handle the hardships of old age
C) Lionel will most likely develop only the secondary, not primary, symptoms of aging
D) Lionel will most likely develop only the primary, not secondary, symptoms of aging