Olivia, 3-year-old girl, loves to play with her toy train. She names it Max and takes it with her everywhere. One day, while drinking milk, she spills the milk on the floor. To avoid being scolded, Olivia tells her mother that Max has spilled the milk. Another day, she blames Max for soiling her dress. In the context of cognitive development in early childhood, this scenario illustrates the concept of

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Olivia attributing life-like qualities to her inanimate toy train, such as the ability to spill milk or soil her dress, is an example of animism. This concept is part of Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development, where young children believe that inanimate objects have lifelike qualities and are capable of action.

Olivia, 3-Year-Old Girl, Loves to Play with Her Toy Train