Which of the following are examples of the framing effect?
A)Campus "Public Interest Research Groups" receive more operating funds from student registration fees when the default choice is to contribute but a box must be checked to opt out versus a default of not contributing but checking a box to contribute.
B)Shoppers often purchase extended service and warranty plans even though expected losses are much smaller than the cost of the plans.
C)In a repeated classroom experiment, half the class was randomly picked to receive an iPod Shuffle of music from the 1970s.The average value placed on the Shuffle is consistently higher for students who received the Shuffle than for those who didn't.
D)A busy executive who wants to exercise more joins a bicycling club where fellow members will exert pressure upon him if he doesn't go biking.
E)All of the above.

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Option A is an example of the framing effect because the default choice of contributing results in more funds than the default choice of not contributing, even though the decision to contribute or not should be independent of the default. Options B, C, and D are not examples of the framing effect but may fall under other cognitive biases.

Which of the Following Are Examples of the Framing Effect