The economist's distinction between quantity demanded and demand is an attempt to copy a controlled experiment.

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The economist's distinction between quantity demanded (the amount of a good or service that consumers are willing and able to purchase at a particular price) and demand (the overall willingness and ability of consumers to buy a good or service at any price) is a way to isolate and measure the effect that a change in price has on the quantity demanded. This is similar to a controlled experiment, where a variable (in this case, price) is changed while everything else is held constant in order to determine its effect on the outcome.

The Economist's Distinction Between Quantity Demanded and Demand Is an Attempt