In the 1950s, Japanese scientists studying a group of macaques habituated the animals to their presence by providing them with sweet potatoes. A young female, who was given the name Imo by the scientists, began washing the sand and grit off her sweet potatoes by rinsing and rubbing them in a nearby stream. Now, 60 years later, all the macaques in the troop wash their sweet potatoes-only now they wash them in the ocean. This is likely an example of learning by:

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This is likely an example of learning by imitation, as the other macaques learned to wash their sweet potatoes in the ocean by observing and copying Imo's behavior.

In the 1950s, Japanese Scientists Studying a Group of Macaques