The Term "Empty Calorie" Is Sometimes Used in Dietary Terminology

The term "empty calorie" is sometimes used in dietary terminology to denote food lacking in vitamins, minerals, dietary fiber, and so forth.

A) This terminology makes sense because a calorie unaccompanied by vitamins is not useful as a source of energy.
B) This terminology makes sense because a calorie may be empty or full depending on whether it comes from a carbohydrate, protein, or fat.
C) This terminology is misleading because a calorie is a measure of energy, and a calorie has a defined energy content.
D) This terminology is misleading because a calorie is the amount of energy necessary to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1°C, which is irrelevant to living things.