Small amounts of hormones have large effects on an organism's physiology because the signals are amplified between glands and tissues in an endocrine axis and within the signal transduction systems of individual cells.

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Small amounts of hormones can trigger a cascade of events, leading to significant physiological changes in an organism. These hormones bind to specific receptors on target cells and trigger signal transduction pathways that amplify the signal and ultimately lead to a cellular response. Additionally, the hormones are often released in a pulsatile manner, which can further amplify their effects.

Small Amounts of Hormones Have Large Effects on an Organism's